Identification_Information:
  Citation:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: Maryland Geological Survey
      Publication_Date: Unpublished Material
      Title: KarstFeatures
      Edition: MASON2013.1
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
  Description:
    Abstract:
      Karst features were mapped as part of a collaborative effort with the Maryland State Highway Administration to investigate karst development in the Hagerstown Valley area.  The locations of the features were collected using a global positioning system (GPS) device (Trimble GeoExplorer) and are based on the estimated center of each feature.  Karst features include active sinkholes, depressions and springs.  This digital point file contains the locations of these features and related pertinent attributes.
            The karst feature feature class is overlaid on the geologic map.  Both the geologic and karst maps use U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) US Topo topographic quadrangle map as a base (1:24,000 scale).  The digital karst feature class was developed using ESRI's ArcGIS Desktop software.  The karst feature class is produced in the Maryland State Plane Coordinate System (Lambert conformal conic projection, NAD83, meters) at a 1:24,000 scale (1 inch equals 2,000 feet).  For details of the geologic map, see the metadata for the bedrock geology coverage.
    Purpose: The purpose of producing karst features data class using ArcGIS is to allow spatial analyses as part of a geographic information system (GIS) and to satisfy the cooperative efforts of the Maryland Geological Survey and the Maryland State Highway Administration.  A PDF version of the full karst map layout is provided for printing hard copies and viewing on-screen.  The karst and geologic data are useful tools in land use planning and management; the GIS format facilitates synergism between geology with other disciplines and derivative work in western Maryland.
  Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Range_of_Dates/Times:
        Beginning_Date: 2011
        Beginning_Time: unknown
        Ending_Date: 2013
        Ending_Time: unknown
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition
  Status:
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed
  Spatial_Domain:
    Bounding_Coordinates:
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -77.876545
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -44.808028
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 39.958899
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 35.041545
  Keywords:
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
      Theme_Keyword: karst, spring, sinkhole, solutional feature, geohazard
    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
      Place_Keyword: Mason and Dixon quadrangle, Maryland, Hagerstown Valley, Washington County
  Access_Constraints: None
  Use_Constraints: These data represent the results of data collection/processing for a specific Department of Natural Resources, Maryland Geological Survey activity and indicate general existing conditions.  As such, they are only valid for the intended use, content, time, and accuracy specification.  The user is responsible for the results of any application of the data for other than their intended purpose.  The Department of Natural Resources, Maryland Geological Survey makes no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the use or appropriateness of the data, and there are no warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose of use.  The Maryland Geological Survey makes no representation to the accuracy or completeness of the data and may not be held liable for human error or defect.  Data are only valid at 1:24,000 scale.  Data should not be used at a scale greater than that.  By using the data, you signify that you have read the use constraints and accept its terms.  Acknowledgment of the Maryland Geological Survey and credit to the originator(s)/author(s) are expected in products derived from this data.
  Point_of_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: David K. Brezinski
        Contact_Organization: Maryland Geological Survey
      Contact_Position: Stratigrapher
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: 2300 St. Paul St.
        City: Baltimore
        State_or_Province: MD
        Postal_Code: 21218
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 410 554-5526
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: dbrezinski@dnr.state.md.us
      Hours_of_Service: 8:00am -4:30pm EST
  Data_Set_Credit: Production of this digital geologic map was funded in part by the Maryland State Highway Administration and USGS STATEMAP component of the National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program.
  Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.4000
Data_Quality_Information:
  Attribute_Accuracy:
    Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Some attributes were assigned during data collection in the field using a GPS unit.  In addition to the positional data and feature identification number, these attributes included designation of the feature as an active sinkhole, depression or spring along with pertinent geologic observations.  These attributes accompanied the karst point positional data as they were processed.  The positional data and selected feature attributes were output to a spreadsheet by the principal geologist and these data were subsequently imported into ArcInfo.  Additional karst attributes in the feature attribute table were developed by the MGS GIS project coordinator with input from principal geologist.  Feature attributes were then verified visually in the ArcInfo attribute tables; attributes linked to map layout components were verified visually on the map both in print and symbolized display on-screen.  Selected attributes that cannot be visually verified on plots or on screen layouts are interactively queried and verified on screen by the GIS project coordinator and GIS specialist(s).
  Logical_Consistency_Report: Map elements were visually checked for missing and duplicate features and feature attributes and other errors by the map author(s), GIS project coordinator and GIS specialist(s) who created the digital database. Hard copy prints of the map were reviewed by the MGS geologists for consistency with basic geologic principles and general conformity to mapping standards. The graphic data has been tested for consistency through the application of ArcGIS topologic testing.  Polylines were tested to a 0.001 tolerance for overlap or gaps between line features and adjacent geologic formation polygons.
  Completeness_Report: Updates may occur as needed or as additional data become available. Check MGS website for version number or contact MGS Publications Office (see Distribution_Information).  Data are complete based on compilation at 1:24,000 scale.
  Positional_Accuracy:
    Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
        Identifiable and definable karst features were precisely located utilizing a Trimble GeoExplorer II(r) or GeoExplorer III(r) Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver.  Most features were located by placing the GPS unit within the feature while a satisfactory number of satellites were in the constellation.  The minimum number was usually four and optimally seven satellites.  In some circumstances, features that could not be entered because of property permission constraints were located by offsetting to another location where the azimuth back to the feature could be determined, and the distance could be delineated by utilizing a laser range finder.  The GPS datum is the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84).

        Once data were collected in the field, all GPS files were post-processed.  Post-processing is an office procedure whereby the locations identified by the field receiver are differentially corrected by comparing the exact position of the satellites in the constellation as recorded by the field receiver with the position of the satellites as recorded by a base station.  The primary base station used in this study is the U.S. Geodetic Survey receiver at Gaithersburg, Maryland.  When that base station was not operating, the secondary station was Greenbelt, Maryland or Richmond, Virginia.  These corrected GPS files and their locations typically gave a precision of less than 1 meter.  The locations were stored in the State Plane Coordinate System with a North American Datum (NAD) of 1983.  These locations were imported directly into ArcInfo in Maryland State Plane NAD83.
  Lineage:
    Source_Information:
      Source_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Publication_Date: Unpublished Material
      Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000
      Type_of_Source_Media: stable-base material
      Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
        Time_Period_Information:
          Range_of_Dates/Times:
            Beginning_Date: 2011
            Ending_Date: 2013
        Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition
      Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Hagerstown quadrangle geologic map, drafted Mylars (Brezinski, unpublished)
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Field measurements and observations of karst features were recorded by the field geologist.  These data were collected using a GPS (see horizontal positional accuracy section for details).  Field files, recorded in a standard storage format (.ssf), were post-processed using a differential correction utility and the positional data were stored in Maryland State Plane Coordinate System (meters), NAD83 horizontal datum, in the differentially corrected output files (.cor).  GPS Pathfinder software was used to export the data files (.cor) to an ASCII file, which was subsequently imported into an Excel spreadsheet.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: GPS data set (Brezinski, unpublished)
      Process_Date: Unknown
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Data in Excel spreadsheets were reviewed and data columns were appropriately formatted for transfer to a GIS system.  Data were imported into an ArcMap feature class.
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: In the new karst point feature class, appropriate fields (columns) were set up for additional feature attributes and attributes were added by the GIS project coordinator.  Cartographic symbolizations were applied to the data points for display on the map.
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Spatial and attribute data for this feature class along with other geospatial data for the map were reviewed and edited, as needed, by project geologists and GIS specialists.
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: The final map was composed in the layout function of ArcMap, using colors and symbols derived from the project geologists and the Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization.  A PDF version of this entire map layout was prepared for release to the public.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Federal Geographic Data Committee FGDC Document Number FGDC-STD-013-2006 (FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization)
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Metadata imported.
      Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: G:\MAPS\MDGeology\Hagerstown\Documentation\KarstMetadata.xml
      Process_Date: 20130807
      Process_Time: 15533600
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
  Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector
  Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:
    SDTS_Terms_Description:
      SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Entity point
      Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 395
Spatial_Reference_Information:
  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Planar:
      Grid_Coordinate_System:
        Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: State Plane Coordinate System
        State_Plane_Coordinate_System:
          SPCS_Zone_Identifier: 1900
          Lambert_Conformal_Conic:
            Standard_Parallel: 38.300000
            Standard_Parallel: 39.450000
            Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -77.000000
            Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 37.666667
            False_Easting: 400000.000000
            False_Northing: 0.000000
      Planar_Coordinate_Information:
        Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
        Coordinate_Representation:
          Abscissa_Resolution: 0.000100
          Ordinate_Resolution: 0.000100
        Planar_Distance_Units: meters
    Geodetic_Model:
      Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
      Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80
      Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
      Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222
  Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Altitude_System_Definition:
      Altitude_Resolution: 0.000010
      Altitude_Encoding_Method: Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
  Detailed_Description:
    Entity_Type:
      Entity_Type_Label: KarstFeatures
      Entity_Type_Definition: The location of solutional features, generally developed in carbonate rocks, and the type of feature, including depressions, sinkholes and springs
      Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Maryland Geological Survey
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: OBJECTID
      Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: Shape
      Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features.
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: E
      Attribute_Definition: Easting coordinate (MD State Plane 1983, meters) of karst feature center location.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: Maryland Geological Survey
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain: Easting component of the feature's location coordinate
      Beginning_Date_of_Attribute_Values: 2010
      Ending_Date_of_Attribute_Values: 2012
      Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Information:
        Attribute_Value_Accuracy: 1 meter
        Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Explanation: Inherited from GPS system accuracy.  Refer to Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report
      Attribute_Measurement_Frequency: Irregular
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: N
      Attribute_Definition: Northing coordinate (MD State Plane 1983, meters) of karst feature center location.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: Maryland Geological Survey
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain: Northing component of the feature's location coordinate
      Beginning_Date_of_Attribute_Values: 2010
      Ending_Date_of_Attribute_Values: 2012
      Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Information:
        Attribute_Value_Accuracy: 1 meter
        Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Explanation: Inherited from GPS system accuracy.  Refer to Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report
      Attribute_Measurement_Frequency: Irregular
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: FM_REF
      Attribute_Definition: Geologic reference unit; generally Formation label and name.  Blank where no geologic unit is designated (e.g., unknown unit or unmapped area).  Where the KARST_FEAT is an active sinkhole, the referenced unit for the karst feature generally reflects the unit exposed in the sinkhole, which may differ from the surrounding bedrock mapped at the surface.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: Maryland Geological Survey
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain: Geologic unit that contains feature
      Beginning_Date_of_Attribute_Values: 2011
      Ending_Date_of_Attribute_Values: 2012
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: KARST_FEAT
      Attribute_Definition: Type of karst feature
      Attribute_Definition_Source: Maryland Geological Survey
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: act
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: active sinkhole
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Maryland  Geological Survey
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: dep
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: karst depression
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Maryland Geological Survey
        Enumerated_Domain:
          Enumerated_Domain_Value: spr
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: spring
          Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Maryland Geological Survey
    Attribute:
      Attribute_Label: GPS_ID
      Attribute_Definition: GPS reference ID (alpha-numeric) for the point feature.  Typically, first letter indicates general location; the subsequent four numbers are date markers (month, day); the next two numbers record the hour (24-hour); subsequent letter(s) reference the point within an hourly series.  The extension (.ssf) indicates a point where no differential correction was made.  No extension or (.cor) means the file was corrected by differential correction.
      Attribute_Definition_Source: Maryland Geological Survey
      Attribute_Domain_Values:
        Unrepresentable_Domain: Automatically assigned ID in GPS data recorder.
  Overview_Description:
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Location coordinates in Maryland State Plane Coordinates (1983, meters); type of feature; geologic unit or formation containing the mapped feature.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Maryland Geological Survey
Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Robert D. Conkwright
        Contact_Organization: Maryland Geological Survey
      Contact_Position: Geologist
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: 2300 St. Paul St.
        City: Baltimore
        State_or_Province: MD
        Postal_Code: 21218
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 410 554-5545
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bconkwright@dnr.state.md.us
      Hours_of_Service: 8:00am - 4:30pm EST
  Resource_Description: Downloadable Data
  Distribution_Liability:
    Where data have been translated from one format to another or initially developed from maps or other sources, reasonable effort has been made to preserve the data quality as originally developed, however, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the Maryland Geological Survey as to the completeness or accuracy of these data and related materials.
        Although all data and software published products have been used by the Maryland Geological Survey of the Maryland Department of Natural Resources, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by that agency as to the accuracy of the data and the related materials and/or the functioning software.  The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the Maryland Geological Survey (or Department of Natural Resources) in the use of these data, software or related materials.
        The Department of Natural Resources shall not be subject to liability for human error, error due to software conversion, defect, or failure of machines, or any material used in the connection with the machines, including tapes, disks, CD-ROMs or DVD-ROMs and energy.  The Maryland Department of Natural Resources shall not be liable for any lost profits, consequential damages, or claims against the Department of Natural Resources by third parties.  The liability of the Department of Natural Resources for damage, regardless of the form of the action, shall not exceed any distribution fees that may have been paid in obtaining spatial data.
  Standard_Order_Process:
    Digital_Form:
      Digital_Transfer_Information:
        Format_Name: ESRI ArcGIS Desktop geodatabase
        Format_Version_Number: 9.3.1
      Digital_Transfer_Option:
        Online_Option:
          Computer_Contact_Information:
            Network_Address:
              Network_Resource_Name: http:\\www.mgs.md.gov
    Fees: none
  Custom_Order_Process: Contact Maryland Geological Survey
  Technical_Prerequisites: ESRI ArcGIS Desktop 9.3.1
Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date: 20130806
  Metadata_Review_Date: 20130809
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: Maryland Geological Survey
        Contact_Person: Robert D. Conkwright
      Contact_Position: Geologist
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: 2300 St. Paul St.
        City: Baltimore
        State_or_Province: MD
        Postal_Code: 21218
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 410 554-5545
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bconkwright@dnr.state.md.us
      Hours_of_Service: 8:00am - 4:30pm EST
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
  Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
  Metadata_Access_Constraints: none
  Metadata_Use_Constraints: The metadata must always accompany this data set. The metadata may never be edited or removed from its association with the data set. Only staff from the Maryland Geological Survey may modify the metadata of this data set.  (Derivative geospatial data should have separate metadata with proper citation and reference to this data set.)
  Metadata_Extensions:
    Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html
    Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile
